path: root/src/colors.c

#include "../defs/all.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#ifdef _WIN32
    #include <windows.h>
#endif

//try to enable ansi (virtual terminal processing) on windows consoles.
//returns true if enabeling succeded or isn't necesary, false otherwise.
bool enable_windows_ansi(void){
#ifdef _WIN32
    #ifndef ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING
        #define ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING 0x0004
    #endif
    HANDLE out = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
    DWORD mode = 0;

    if(out == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
        return false;
    if(GetConsoleMode(out, &mode) == 0)
        return false;
    if(SetConsoleMode(out, mode | ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING) == 0)
        return false;
#endif
    return true;
}

#ifdef _WIN32
//returns true if str ends with suffix, ignorning case
static bool ends_with_ignore_case(const char *str, const char *suffix){
    size_t str_len = strlen(str);
    size_t suffix_len = strlen(suffix);
    size_t i;

    if(suffix_len > str_len)
        return false;
    str += str_len - suffix_len;
    for(i = 0; i < suffix_len; i++){
        if(tolower((unsigned char)str[i]) != tolower((unsigned char)suffix[i]))
            return false;
    }
    return true;
}

//detect the parent shell name on windows, using enviroment hints.
//returns null if nothing matched
static const char *detect_windows_shell(void){
    const char *comspec;

    //heuristic checks using common env vars
    if(getenv("PSModulePath"))
        return "powershell";
    if(getenv("PWshPROFILE") || getenv("PWSH_VERSION"))
        return "pwsh";
    comspec = getenv("COMSPEC");
    if(comspec && ends_with_ignore_case(comspec, "cmd.exe"))
        return "cmd.exe";
    if(getenv("WT_SESSION"))
        return "windows_terminal";
    return NULL;
}
#endif

enum color_mode detect_color_mode(void){
    const char *colorterm, *term;
    enum color_mode mode = MODE_ANSI16;

    if(getenv("NO_COLOR"))
        return MODE_NONE;

    //early checks
    colorterm = getenv("COLORTERM");
    if(colorterm && (strstr(colorterm, "truecolor") || strstr(colorterm, "24bit")))
        return MODE_TRUECOLOR;

    term = getenv("TERM");
    if(term && strstr(term, "256color"))
        return MODE_ANSI256;
    if(term && strstr(term, "color"))
        return MODE_ANSI16;

    //default fallback is mode_ansi16 (set above)

#ifdef _WIN32
    //if running on windows, try to enable ansi (virtual terminal processing)
    if(enable_windows_ansi()){
        //re-check for a better mode
        if(colorterm && (strstr(colorterm, "truecolor") || strstr(colorterm, "24bit")))
            mode = MODE_TRUECOLOR;
        if(term && strstr(term, "256color"))
            mode = MODE_ANSI256;
    }else{
        const char *shell = detect_windows_shell();
        if(shell){
            if(strstr(shell, "cmd.exe")){
                //cmd historically doesn't support ansi; use 16 colors fallback
                mode = MODE_ANSI16;
            }else if(strstr(shell, "powershell") || strstr(shell, "pwsh")){
                if(term && strstr(term, "256color"))
                    mode = MODE_ANSI256;
            }else{
                mode = MODE_ANSI16;
            }
        }
    }
#endif

    return mode;
}

void colorconfig_init(colorconfig *config){
    memset(config, 0, sizeof(*config));
    config->saturation = 100;
    config->brightness = 50;
    config->mode = detect_color_mode();
}

unsigned char rgb_to_ansi16(rgbcolor rgb){
    unsigned char r = rgb.red;
    unsigned char g = rgb.green; 
    unsigned char b = rgb.blue;

    unsigned char brightness = (unsigned char)((r * 299 + g * 587 + b * 114 + 500) / 1000); //avoid using math.h because i don't want to use it 
    int is_bright = brightness > 128;

    //determine base color using simple thresholding on each channel, producing an index 0..7
    int r_on = r > 128;
    int g_on = g > 128;
    int b_on = b > 128;
    unsigned char base_idx = (unsigned char)r_on + (unsigned char)g_on * 2 + (unsigned char)b_on * 4; // 0..7

    //sgr color codes: 30..37 for normal, 90..97 for bright
    if(is_bright)
        return (unsigned char)(90 + base_idx);
    return (unsigned char)(30 + base_idx);
}

//round half away from zero for positive values only 
static int round_pos(float x){
    return (int)(x + 0.5f);
}

unsigned char rgb_to_ansi256(rgbcolor rgb){
    unsigned char r = rgb.red;
    unsigned char g = rgb.green;
    unsigned char b = rgb.blue;

    if(r == g && g == b){
        //calulate the grayscale value 
        unsigned char gray = (unsigned char)round_pos(r * 0.299f + g * 0.587f + b * 0.114f);
        //ramp (232-255)
        if(gray <= 8)
            return 16;
        if(gray >= 248) 
            return 231;
        return (unsigned char)(round_pos(((float)gray - 8.0f) / 247.0f * 24.0f) + 232);
    }

    //color cube (16-231) 
    {
        int ri = round_pos(r / 255.0f * 5.0f);
        int gi = round_pos(g / 255.0f * 5.0f);
        int bi = round_pos(b / 255.0f * 5.0f);

        return (unsigned char)(16 + ri * 36 + gi * 6 + bi);
    }
}

//convert ansi color code to rgb
static rgbcolor ansi_to_rgb(unsigned char code){
    //standard 16 colors
    static const rgbcolor standard[16] = {
        {0, 0, 0}, //black 
        {128, 0, 0}, //red 
        {0, 128, 0}, //green 
        {128, 128, 0}, //yellow 
        {0, 0, 128}, //blue 
        {128, 0, 128}, // magenta 
        {0, 128, 128}, //cyan 
        {192, 192, 192}, //white 
        {128, 128, 128}, //bright blakc whatever that is 
        {255, 0, 0}, //bright red 
        {0, 255, 0}, //brightgreen 
        {255, 255, 0},//bright yellow 
        {0, 0, 255}, //bright blue 
        {255, 0, 255}, //bright magenta 
        {0, 255, 255}, //bright cyan 
        {255, 255, 255}, //Brightwhite 
    };
    rgbcolor out;

    if(code < 16)
        return standard[code];

    //256-color mode
    if(code <= 231){
        //color cube
        int cube = code - 16;
        out.red   = (unsigned char)(((cube / 36) % 6) * 51);
        out.green = (unsigned char)(((cube / 6) % 6) * 51);
        out.blue  = (unsigned char)((cube % 6) * 51);
        return out;
    }

    //grayscale ramp
    out.red = out.green = out.blue = (unsigned char)((code - 232) * 10 + 8);
    return out;
}

//helper for hsl_to_rgb
static float hue_to_rgb(float p, float q, float t){
    if(t < 0.0f)
        t += 1.0f;
    if(t > 1.0f)
        t -= 1.0f;
    if(t < 1.0f / 6.0f)
        return p + (q - p) * 6.0f * t;
    if(t < 1.0f / 2.0f)
        return q;
    if(t < 2.0f / 3.0f)
        return p + (q - p) * (2.0f / 3.0f - t) * 6.0f;
    return p;
}

//convert hsl to rgb
//h: 0-360, s: 0-100, l: 0-100
rgbcolor hsl_to_rgb(unsigned short h, unsigned char s, unsigned char l){
    float hue = (float)h / 360.0f;
    float sat = (float)s / 100.0f;
    float lig = (float)l / 100.0f;
    float r, g, b;
    rgbcolor out;

    if(sat == 0.0f){
        r = g = b = lig;
    }else{
        float q = lig < 0.5f ? lig * (1.0f + sat) : lig + sat - lig * sat;
        float p = 2.0f * lig - q;

        r = hue_to_rgb(p, q, hue + 1.0f / 3.0f);
        g = hue_to_rgb(p, q, hue);
        b = hue_to_rgb(p, q, hue - 1.0f / 3.0f);
    }

    out.red   = (unsigned char)round_pos(r * 255.0f);
    out.green = (unsigned char)round_pos(g * 255.0f);
    out.blue  = (unsigned char)round_pos(b * 255.0f);
    return out;
}

//convert color to ansi escape code for foreground
//out gets an empty string for mode_none
void rgb_to_fg_escape(rgbcolor rgb, color_mode mode, char *out, size_t size){
    switch(mode){
        case MODE_TRUECOLOR:
            snprintf(out, size, "\x1b[38;2;%d;%d;%dm", rgb.red, rgb.green, rgb.blue);
            break;
        case MODE_ANSI256:
            snprintf(out, size, "\x1b[38;5;%dm", rgb_to_ansi256(rgb));
            break;
        case MODE_ANSI16:
            snprintf(out, size, "\x1b[%dm", rgb_to_ansi16(rgb));
            break;
        case MODE_NONE:
        default:
            if(size > 0)
                out[0] = '\0';
            break;
    }
}

static float float_mod(float a, float b){
    return a - b * (float)(long)(a / b);
}

static float float_abs(float x){
    return x < 0.0f ? -x : x;
}

//converts rgb to hsv
static void rgb_to_hsv(rgbcolor rgb, float *h_out, float *s_out, float *v_out){
    float r = rgb.red / 255.0f;
    float g = rgb.green / 255.0f;
    float b = rgb.blue / 255.0f;
    float max = r > g ? r : g;
    float min = r < g ? r : g;
    float delta, h;

    if(b > max) max = b;
    if(b < min) min = b;
    delta = max - min;

    if(delta == 0.0f)
        h = 0.0f;
    else if(max == r)
        h = 60.0f * float_mod((g - b) / delta, 6.0f);
    else if(max == g)
        h = 60.0f * ((b - r) / delta + 2.0f);
    else
        h = 60.0f * ((r - g) / delta + 4.0f);

    if(h < 0.0f)
        h += 360.0f;

    *h_out = h;
    *s_out = max == 0.0f ? 0.0f : delta / max;
    *v_out = max;
}

//convert hsv to rgb
static rgbcolor hsv_to_rgb(float h, float s, float v){
    float c = v * s;
    float x = c * (1.0f - float_abs(float_mod(h / 60.0f, 2.0f) - 1.0f));
    float m = v - c;
    float r, g, b;
    rgbcolor out;

    if(h >= 0.0f && h < 60.0f) 
        {r = c; g = x; b = 0.0f;}
    else if(h >= 60.0f && h < 120.0f) 
        {r = x; g = c; b = 0.0f;}
    else if(h >= 120.0f && h < 180.0f)
        {r = 0.0f; g = c;b = x;}
    else if(h >= 180.0f && h < 240.0f) 
        {r = 0.0f; g = x; b = c;}
    else if(h >= 240.0f && h < 300.0f) 
        {r = x; g = 0.0f; b = c; }
    else {r = c;    g = 0.0f; b = x;}

    out.red = (unsigned char)round_pos((r + m) * 255.0f);
    out.green = (unsigned char)round_pos((g + m) * 255.0f);
    out.blue = (unsigned char)round_pos((b + m) * 255.0f);
    return out;
}

//linear interpolation between two colors in hsv space
rgbcolor lerp_color_hsv(rgbcolor start, rgbcolor end, float t){
    float h1, s1, v1, h2, s2, v2;
    float h_diff, h, s, v;

    rgb_to_hsv(start, &h1, &s1, &v1);
    rgb_to_hsv(end, &h2, &s2, &v2);

    //handle hue interpolation correctly (shortest path around the color wheel)
    h_diff = float_mod(h2 - h1 + 180.0f, 360.0f) - 180.0f;
    h = float_mod(h1 + h_diff * t + 360.0f, 360.0f);

    s = s1 + (s2 - s1) * t;
    v = v1 + (v2 - v1) * t;

    return hsv_to_rgb(h, s, v);
}

//parsing helpers

//returns the numeric value of a hex digit,, or -1
static int hex_value(char c){
    if(c >= '0' && c <= '9') return c - '0';
    if(c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') return c - 'a' + 10;
    if(c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') return c - 'A' + 10;
    return -1;
}

//skip spaces at both ends of [*start, *end)
static void trim_range(const char **start, const char **end){
    while(*start < *end && isspace((unsigned char)**start))
        (*start)++;
    while(*end > *start && isspace((unsigned char)(*end)[-1]))
        (*end)--;
}

//parse [start, end) as a decimal number from 0 to max. 1 good 0 bad
static int parse_uint(const char *start, const char *end, unsigned long max, unsigned long *out){
    unsigned long value = 0;

    if(start >= end)
        return 0;
    for(; start < end; start++){
        if(!isdigit((unsigned char)*start))
            return 0;
        value = value * 10 + (unsigned long)(*start - '0');
        if(value > max)
            return 0;
    }
    *out = value;
    return 1;
}

//returns 1 if str starts with prefix ignoring case
static int starts_with_ignore_case(const char *str, const char *prefix){
    for(; *prefix != '\0'; str++, prefix++){
        if(*str == '\0' || tolower((unsigned char)*str) != tolower((unsigned char)*prefix))
            return 0;
    }
    return 1;
}

static ColorParseError parse_hex_color(const char *s, rgbcolor *out){
    const char *hex = s;
    int value[6];
    size_t length, i;

    while(*hex == '#')
        hex++;
    length = strlen(hex);

    if(length != 3 && length != 6)
        return COLOR_ERR_HEX;
    for(i = 0; i < length; i++){
        value[i] = hex_value(hex[i]);
        if(value[i] < 0)
            return COLOR_ERR_HEX;
    }

    if(length == 3){
        //#rgb format
        out->red   = (unsigned char)(value[0] * 17);
        out->green = (unsigned char)(value[1] * 17);
        out->blue  = (unsigned char)(value[2] * 17);
    }else{
        //#rrggbb format
        out->red   = (unsigned char)(value[0] * 16 + value[1]);
        out->green = (unsigned char)(value[2] * 16 + value[3]);
        out->blue  = (unsigned char)(value[4] * 16 + value[5]);
    }
    return COLOR_OK;
}

//splits [start, end) on exactly two commas into three trimmed ranges. 1 good 0 bad
static int split_three(const char *start, const char *end, const char *range[3][2]){
    const char *comma1 = NULL, *comma2 = NULL, *p;
    int commas = 0;

    for(p = start; p < end; p++){
        if(*p != ',')
            continue;
        commas++;
        if(commas == 1) comma1 = p;
        else if(commas == 2) comma2 = p;
    }
    if(commas != 2)
        return 0;

    range[0][0] = start; range[0][1] = comma1;
    range[1][0] = comma1 + 1; range[1][1] = comma2;
    range[2][0] = comma2 + 1; range[2][1] = end;
    for(commas = 0; commas < 3; commas++){
        trim_range(&range[commas][0], &range[commas][1]);
    } 
    return 1;
}

static ColorParseError parse_rgb_color(const char *s, rgbcolor *out){
    const char *range[3][2];
    unsigned long r, g, b;

    if(!split_three(s, s + strlen(s), range))
        return COLOR_ERR_RGB;
    if(!parse_uint(range[0][0], range[0][1], 255, &r)|| !parse_uint(range[1][0], range[1][1], 255, &g)|| !parse_uint(range[2][0], range[2][1], 255, &b))
        return COLOR_ERR_RGB;

    out->red = (unsigned char)r;
    out->green = (unsigned char)g;
    out->blue = (unsigned char)b;
    return COLOR_OK;
}

static ColorParseError parse_hsl_color(const char *s, rgbcolor *out){
    const char *start = s;
    const char *end = s + strlen(s);
    const char *range[3][2];
    unsigned long h, sat, l;

    //strip the "hsl(" prefix and the ")" suffix
    while(strncmp(start, "hsl(", 4) == 0)
        start += 4;
    while(end > start && end[-1] == ')')
        end--;

    if(!split_three(start, end, range))
        return COLOR_ERR_HSL;

    //hue can have a trailing unit like "180deg", so drop trailing non-digits
    while(range[0][1] > range[0][0] && !isdigit((unsigned char)range[0][1][-1]))
        range[0][1]--;
    //saturation and lightness can have trailing '%'
    while(range[1][1] > range[1][0] && range[1][1][-1] == '%')
        range[1][1]--;
    while(range[2][1] > range[2][0] && range[2][1][-1] == '%')
        range[2][1]--;

    if(!parse_uint(range[0][0], range[0][1], 65535, &h)
    || !parse_uint(range[1][0], range[1][1], 255, &sat)
    || !parse_uint(range[2][0], range[2][1], 255, &l))
        return COLOR_ERR_HSL;

    if(h > 360 || sat > 100 || l > 100)
        return COLOR_ERR_HSL;

    *out = hsl_to_rgb((unsigned short)h, (unsigned char)sat, (unsigned char)l);
    return COLOR_OK;
}

static int parse_named_color(const char *s, rgbcolor *out){
    static const struct { const char *name; rgbcolor rgb; } table[] = {
        {"black", {0,0,0}}, {"red", {197,15,31}}, {"green", {19,161,14}},
        {"yellow", {193,156,0}}, {"blue", {0,55,218}}, {"magenta", {136,23,152}},
        {"cyan", {58,150,221}}, {"white", {204,204,204}},
        {"brightblack", {118,118,118}}, {"brightred", {231,72,86}},
        {"brightgreen", {22,198,12}}, {"brightyellow", {249,241,165}},
        {"brightblue", {59,120,255}}, {"brightmagenta", {180,0,158}},
        {"brightcyan", {97,214,214}}, {"brightwhite", {242,242,242}},
    };
    char norm[32];
    size_t n = 0, i;

    for(; *s && n < sizeof(norm) - 1; s++)   //lowercase, drop '_'
        if(*s != '_') norm[n++] = (char)tolower((unsigned char)*s);
    norm[n] = '\0';
    for(i = 0; i < sizeof(table) / sizeof(table[0]); i++){
        if(strcmp(norm, table[i].name) == 0){
            *out = table[i].rgb;
            return 1;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

//parse any supported color format into rgb:
//#rrggbb, #rgb, hsl(h,s%,l%), r,g,b or an ansi code 0-255
ColorParseError parse_color(const char *s, rgbcolor *out){
    if(parse_named_color(s, out)) return COLOR_OK;
    size_t length;
    unsigned long code;

    //try hex color (#rrggbb or #rgb)
    if(s[0] == '#')
        return parse_hex_color(s, out);

    //try hsl (hsl(180,100%,50%))
    length = strlen(s);
    if(starts_with_ignore_case(s, "hsl(") && length > 0 && s[length - 1] == ')')
        return parse_hsl_color(s, out);

    //try rgb tuple (255,0,128)
    if(strchr(s, ','))
        return parse_rgb_color(s, out);

    //try ansi code (number between 0-255)
    if(parse_uint(s, s + length, 255, &code)){
        *out = ansi_to_rgb((unsigned char)code);
        return COLOR_OK;
    }

    return COLOR_ERR_FORMAT;
}

const char *color_parse_error_message(ColorParseError error){
    switch(error){
        case COLOR_ERR_FORMAT:
            return "Invalid color format";
        case COLOR_ERR_HEX: 
            return "Invalid hex color code";
        case COLOR_ERR_RGB:
            return "Invalid RGB format. Expected format: R,G,B";
        case COLOR_ERR_HSL:
            return "Invalid HSL format. Expected format: hsl(H,S%,L%)";
        case COLOR_OK:
        default:                     
            return "";
    }
} 
static const char *color_mode_name(color_mode mode){
    switch(mode){
        case MODE_TRUECOLOR: return "Truecolor";
        case MODE_ANSI256:   return "Ansi256";
        case MODE_ANSI16:    return "Ansi16";
        case MODE_NONE:
        default:             return "NoColor";
    }
}

static void print_env_debug(const char *name){
    const char *value = getenv(name);
    if(value)
        printf("%s: Some(\"%s\")\n", name, value);
    else
        printf("%s: None\n", name);
}

void print_color_debug(const colorconfig *config, bool ansi_enabled){
    printf("Detected color mode: %s\n", color_mode_name(config->mode));
    printf("ANSI enabled: %s\n", ansi_enabled ? "true" : "false");
    print_env_debug("NO_COLOR");
    print_env_debug("COLORTERM");
    print_env_debug("TERM");
#ifdef _WIN32
    {
        const char *shell = detect_windows_shell();
        if(shell)
            printf("Windows shell hint: Some(\"%s\")\n", shell);
        else
            printf("Windows shell hint: None\n");
    }
#endif
}